Easy2Siksha Sample Papers
GNDU Most Repeated (Important) Quesons
B.A/B.Sc 5th Semester
GEOGRAPHY (World Regional Geography-I)
Based on 4-Year GNDU Queson Paper Trend (2021–2024)
Must-Prepare Quesons (80–100% Probability)
SECTION–A (Physiography, Climate & Vegetaon)
1. Physiographic Divisions of Anglo-America – Role in Climate, Agriculture & Industrial
Development
Appeared in: 2021 (Q1), 2023 (Q1), 2024 (Q1)
Probability for 2025: (100%)
Always asked — includes relief, physiography, and its impact on regional
development.
2025 Smart Predicon Table
(Based on GNDU 2021–2024 Trend)
No.
Queson Topic
Years Appeared
Probability for 2025
1
Physiographic Divisions of Anglo-America
2021, 2023, 2024
(100%)
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GNDU Most Repeated (Important) Answers
B.A/B.Sc 5th Semester
GEOGRAPHY (World Regional Geography-I)
Based on 4-Year GNDU Queson Paper Trend (2021–2024)
Must-Prepare Quesons (80–100% Probability)
SECTION–A (Physiography, Climate & Vegetaon)
1. Physiographic Divisions of Anglo-America – Role in Climate, Agriculture &
Industrial Development
Appeared in: 2021 (Q1), 2023 (Q1), 2024 (Q1)
Probability for 2025: (100%)
Always asked — includes relief, physiography, and its impact on regional
development.
Ans: Imagine standing on the top of a snow-capped mountain in Canada, feeling the icy
wind brushing your face, and then, within a few hours of flight, landing in the sunny
plains of Texas where the warm air smells of dust and crops. That’s the magic of Anglo-
America — a region full of striking contrasts, stretching from the Arctic cold to the
subtropical warmth.
Anglo-America mainly refers to two great countries — the United States of America
and Canada. Though they share a long border and many cultural similarities, their land,
climate, and resources differ greatly. These differences are shaped by physiographic
divisions, which simply means the natural regions formed by the earth’s surface features
like mountains, plateaus, plains, and coasts.
To understand Anglo-America, we can think of it as a grand storybook divided into
several “chapters” — each chapter representing a physical region with its own character,
climate, and role in shaping people’s lives, agriculture, and industries.
So, let’s take a journey across these regions — from the cold north to the sunny south,
and from the mighty Atlantic coast to the vast Pacific shore — to discover how
geography has guided the destiny of Anglo-America.
Chapter 1: The Western Cordilleras – The Mighty Wall of Mountains
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The story begins in the west, where huge mountain chains rise like guardians of the
continent. These are the Western Cordilleras, which include the Rocky Mountains,
Sierra Nevada, and Coast Ranges. They stretch from Alaska all the way to Mexico,
forming a long, rugged wall.
Climate and Nature
Because these mountains are so high, they block the moist winds coming from the
Pacific Ocean. As a result, the western slopes receive heavy rainfall and have lush
forests, while the eastern side — the “rain shadow area” — is dry and desert-like. In
Canada and Alaska, the peaks are covered with snow throughout the year.
Role in Agriculture
Farming is not easy here because of steep slopes and poor soil, but there are some
fertile valleys, such as the California Central Valley, where irrigation and mild climate
support crops like fruits, vegetables, and vineyards. This region is one of the richest
fruit-producing areas in the world.
Role in Industrial Development
The Cordilleras are a treasure chest of minerals — gold, copper, silver, zinc, and
petroleum. Cities like Denver, Vancouver, and Calgary grew because of mining and
related industries. The region also provides water through melting snow, which powers
hydroelectric plants, helping industries in nearby areas.
Chapter 2: The Interior Plains – The Heartland of Anglo-America
Moving eastward, we reach the Interior Plains — a vast flat land that stretches from the
Arctic Ocean in the north to the Gulf of Mexico in the south. It includes the Great Plains
and the Central Lowlands.
Climate and Nature
Here, the land is open and wide, with cold winters and warm summers. Rainfall is
moderate, and the winds sweep across endlessly. The northern parts are cooler and
suitable for grasslands, while the southern parts are warmer and drier.
Role in Agriculture
This region is truly the granary of Anglo-America. The fertile soil and open fields make it
perfect for large-scale farming. Canada’s Prairies and America’s Great Plains are known
for wheat, maize (corn), and barley production. Modern machinery, like tractors and
harvesters, allows farmers to cultivate vast areas with fewer workers.
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Ranches are also common here — cattle and sheep grazing in wide open grasslands. The
region’s agriculture has not only fed millions but also made both countries major
exporters of food grains.
Role in Industrial Development
Agriculture gave rise to related industries — food processing, flour milling, and meat
packing. Cities like Kansas City, Omaha, and Winnipeg became industrial centers
because of these activities. Moreover, the plains also hold oil and natural gas reserves,
especially in regions like Alberta and Texas, powering the industries of both nations.
Chapter 3: The Canadian Shield – The Ancient Rock Foundation
If we travel further north and east, we reach the Canadian Shield, the oldest landmass
of North America. It is a vast region made of hard, ancient rocks, spread across much of
Canada and parts of the northern USA.
Climate and Nature
The Shield has a cold and harsh climate — long winters, short summers, and thousands
of lakes formed by glaciers. Forests of pine and spruce trees cover large parts of it.
Role in Agriculture
Because of the rocky soil and cold weather, agriculture is limited here. Only in small
southern areas can people grow crops like oats, barley, and potatoes.
Role in Industrial Development
Although farming is difficult, the Shield is rich in minerals like iron, nickel, copper,
uranium, and gold. Cities such as Sudbury and Labrador City grew due to mining. The
numerous rivers and lakes also provide hydroelectric power, which supports industries
like pulp and paper, mining, and metal refining.
Thus, while the Shield may look barren, it forms the economic backbone of Canada’s
mineral and energy sector.
Chapter 4: The Appalachian Region – The Old Mountains of the East
Now, let’s head eastward to the Appalachian Mountains, which stretch from
Newfoundland in Canada to Alabama in the USA. These are much older than the
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Rockies, and their rounded peaks and green valleys tell stories of erosion over millions of
years.
Climate and Nature
The region enjoys a temperate climate with sufficient rainfall, making it ideal for forests,
pastures, and settlements.
Role in Agriculture
The valleys and lowlands here are used for mixed farming — crops like maize, tobacco,
and vegetables are grown, along with livestock rearing.
Role in Industrial Development
Beneath the mountains lie rich coalfields, especially in Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
This coal fueled America’s Industrial Revolution, powering steel industries in Pittsburgh
and nearby cities. The abundance of iron ore, water, and energy sources turned this
region into one of the earliest industrial centers in the world.
Even today, the Appalachian region contributes greatly to the energy and
manufacturing sector.
Chapter 5: The Atlantic Coastal Plain – The Land by the Ocean
Further east lies the Atlantic Coastal Plain, stretching along the Atlantic Ocean from the
Gulf of St. Lawrence in the north to Florida in the south.
Climate and Nature
This region has a humid and moderate climate, influenced by the nearby ocean. The
southern parts, like Florida, are warm and sunny throughout the year.
Role in Agriculture
The plain’s fertile soil supports the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, sugarcane, and rice,
especially in the southern states. The mild climate allows for a long growing season, and
the region became historically famous for plantation agriculture.
Role in Industrial Development
Ports such as New York, Boston, and Philadelphia developed along the coast, becoming
major trade and industrial hubs. Industries like textiles, shipbuilding, and chemicals grew
rapidly due to easy access to transport and markets.
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The Atlantic coast also gave birth to the American dream of trade and expansion,
serving as the entry point for immigrants and goods from Europe.
Chapter 6: The Pacific Coast Region – The Gateway to Asia
Now, on the opposite side of the continent lies the Pacific Coast Region, including the
western parts of California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia in Canada.
Climate and Nature
Here, the climate is mild and pleasant, with wet winters and dry summers. Coastal areas
enjoy the influence of the Pacific Ocean, keeping temperatures moderate.
Role in Agriculture
Fertile valleys, such as those in California, produce a wide range of crops — grapes,
oranges, almonds, and vegetables. Irrigation and advanced technology make it one of
the most productive agricultural regions in the world.
Role in Industrial Development
The Pacific coast is known for high-technology industries, film production, and trade.
Cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle, and Vancouver are centers of innovation,
shipping, and entertainment. The presence of ports makes it a gateway for trade with
Asian countries like Japan, China, and Korea.
Chapter 7: The Arctic and Northern Regions – The Frozen Frontiers
In the far north, we find the Arctic and Subarctic regions of Canada and Alaska. These
are areas of extreme cold, tundra vegetation, and long winters.
Role in Agriculture
Agriculture is almost absent here, but the region is rich in oil, gas, and minerals, which
are now being explored with modern technology.
Role in Industrial Development
The discovery of petroleum in Alaska and northern Canada has made this region
economically important. Despite harsh conditions, it provides valuable energy resources
to both countries.
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The Grand Connection – How Geography Shapes Economy and Life
When we look at the bigger picture, we can see that the physiographic divisions of
Anglo-America are not just about landforms — they have shaped every aspect of life:
• The mountains gave minerals and energy.
• The plains gave food and agriculture.
• The rivers and coasts gave trade and communication.
• The climate decided where people live and what they grow.
From the wheat fields of the Prairies to the mines of the Canadian Shield, from the
sunny farms of California to the factories of the Great Lakes — geography has been the
silent teacher guiding human effort.
Conclusion: The Story of Progress Written by Nature
So, the story of Anglo-America is truly a story written by its land. The towering Rockies,
the vast plains, the ancient Shield, and the fertile valleys — all played their roles like
characters in a great play.
Each physiographic division contributed uniquely — some gave minerals, some gave
crops, and some offered space for cities and industries. Together, they turned Anglo-
America into one of the most advanced and prosperous regions in the world.
In short, nature laid the foundation, and human beings built upon it — shaping a land
where geography and progress walk hand in hand.
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